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英国圣公会传教士慕雅德(Arthur Evans Moule,1836—1918)根据自己在华50年的亲身经历和对中国民众鸦片吸食状况的长期观察和研究,批驳了英国官方关于中国人在鸦片交易之时已有几百年鸦片吸食历史的论断,并分析了中印英鸦片贸易的关系和鸦片贸易的实质。他回英国探亲期间在各大学宣传鸦片对中国造成的危害,发表反鸦片文章抨击英国鸦片贸易政策,联名上书英国皇家鸦片调查委员会,参与英中反鸦片会。本文旨在论述这位在华资深传教士为中国鸦片种植历史、中英鸦片贸易和鸦片战争提供的新史料以及他在反鸦片运动中的活动及其背后的动力。
Arthur Evans Moule (1836-1918), Anglican missionary, based on his 50-year personal experience in China and his long-term observation and study of the opium absoptions of the Chinese populace, rejected the British official’s comment that the Chinese people are involved in the opium trade There are hundreds of years of opium abstention history has been concluded, and analyzed the Sino-Indian opium trade relations and the essence of opium trade. During his visit to Britain, he went on to publicize the dangers of opium at various universities in China, published anti-opiate articles attacking the opium trade policy in the United Kingdom, co-wrote the Royal Commission of Opium Investigation, and participated in the anti-opium meeting between Britain and China. This article aims to discuss the new material provided by the senior missionaries in China for opium cultivation history, the Sino-British opium trade and the Opium War, as well as his activities and the motives behind the anti-opium movement.