材料解析题在培养学生能力和历史思维方面有其独到的功能。以往在历史材料解析中过分强调思维整体结构的外在组织形式——思维性质,而忽视了其内在的组织形式——元认知,忽视了元认知的长效后劲。对学生进行元认知训练,是提高学生史料解析能力的基础和保证,阐述了平时的历史材料解析中向学生渗透元认知训练的一些实践和体会。 Material analysis questions in the cultivation of students' ability and historical thinking has its own unique features. In the past, in the analysis of historical materials, we have overemphasized the external organizational form of thinking overall structure - the nature of thinking, while ignoring its internal organizational form - metacognition, ignoring the long-term staying power of metacognition. Metacognitive training for students is the basis and guarantee to improve students 'ability of analyzing historical materials, and expounds some practices and experiences of metacognitive training in penetrating students' historical materials.