肺部疾病的病理生理变化常伴随肺通气及气体交换的变化，胸部X线、CT、MRI等相关检查对肺部疾病评估及治疗具有重要作用，但不能完全评估肺通气、肺间质氧气吸收、气体交换等功能，特别对局部病灶的诊断具有一定的限制性。然而，超极化n 129Xe磁共振成像技术具有无创性、无电离辐射等优点，特别在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、特发性肺纤维等疾病的应用过程中具有独特的作用，在反映肺通气功能、评估气道微结构、探索肺部气体交换、评估肺部局部病变等方面具有良好的应用价值。现就超极化n 129Xe磁共振在肺部疾病中的应用进行综述。n “,”The dynamic changes of pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange were common in pulmonary pathophysiology.Although related detection methods as chest X-ray, CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had certain effect in the evaluation and treatment of pulmonary diseases, which can′t still fully assess the function of pulmonary ventilation, pulmonary interstitial oxygen absorption, gas exchange, etc., especially having certain limitations in the diagnosis for local lesions.However, hyperpolarized n 129Xe MRI uniquely images technology characterised by non-invasiveness and no ionizing radiation.Meanwhile, It has not only a unique application role for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, ect., but also a good practical value for expressing pulmonary ventilation, evaluating airway microstructure, exploring gas exchange, and assessing local pulmonary lesion.This article reviews the application of hyperpolarized n 129Xe MRI uniquely images in pulmonary diseases.n