营养性贫血是一组由于各种原因导致造血原料供应不足,表现为红细胞及血红蛋白低于“正常”的血液系统疾病。1缺铁性贫血(iron deficiency anemia,IDA)IDA是体内铁缺乏导致血红蛋白合成减少,临床上以小细胞低色素性贫血、血清铁蛋白减少和铁剂治疗有效为特点的贫血症。本病以婴幼儿发病率最高,严重危害小儿健康,是我国重点防治的小儿常见病之一[1]。1.1铁的代谢1.1.1人体内铁元素的含量及分布正常人体内的含 Nutritional anemia is a group of hematopoietic disorders that cause insufficient supply of hematopoietic raw materials for various reasons, manifested as hematopoietic disorders in which red blood cells and hemoglobin are below “normal”. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) IDA is anemia characterized by a deficiency of iron in the body resulting in decreased hemoglobin synthesis, clinically characterized by microcytic hypochromic anemia, reduced serum ferritin, and iron therapy. This disease is the highest incidence of infants and young children, a serious hazard to the health of children, is one of the most common diseases in children in China [1]. 1.1 The metabolism of iron 1.1.1 The content and distribution of iron in human body Normal human body contains