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建设工程“黑白合同”无效事由认定混乱的根源在于《合同法》第52条可操作性不强及最高法院司法解释的回避。《民法总则》第146、153条对“黑白合同”无效事由起到正本清源的作用,但《合同法》第52条、《民法总则》第154条仍然以合同履行行为结果之利益损害作为合同无效的基础事由,值得反思。应在民法分则合同编对合同无效事由进行完善,具体建议为:基础事由合同履行行为之损害结果修改为合同主体虚伪意思表示,将法律事由由行政管理性强制性规定修改为司法认定效力性强制性规定,将内容事由限定于违背公序良俗。
The root cause of the confusion of the construction project “black and white contract ” is that the article 52 of the Contract Law is not operable and the avoidance of the judicial interpretation of the Supreme Court. Article 146 and Article 153 of the General Provisions of the Civil Law serve as a clear source for the original invalidity of the “black-and-white contract.” However, Article 52 of the Contract Law and Article 154 of the “General Provisions of Civil Law” The basis of the contract is invalid, it is worth considering. The contract should be made in the Civil Code as part of the contract to improve the invalid reasons, the specific recommendations are as follows: the basis for the performance of the contract to modify the damage result of the hypocrisy of the subject of the contract that will change the legal subject from administrative mandatory provisions of the judicial determination of effectiveness Mandatory provisions will be limited to the contents of the violation of public order and good habits.