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五十年代初,英国铁路第一次出现了“标准”客车的设计,称之为M_k I(图1)。它是一些开敞式的头等和二等车,用于干线,其布置与带走廊的车相类似。后来电动车组基本上也采用了这种结构。这种车具有用热轧型钢制成的本身承载的桁架式底架、蓄电池箱、发电机、带推——拉杆的真空制动缸和带有相应阀类的蒸汽采暖管路。与现代的标准客车相比,它作为餐车和卧车即使再加上一些设备,设计时也不会产生空间上的“危机”问题。
In the early 1950s, for the first time in the British Railways, the design of a “standard” bus was described as M_k I (Figure 1). It is open top-class and second-class vehicles for the trunk line, the layout and the car with corridor similar. Later, EMU basically adopted this structure. The car features a self-supporting truss-type chassis made of hot-rolled steel, a battery box, a generator, a vacuum brake cylinder with a push-pull rod and a steam heating line with corresponding valves. Compared with the modern standard bus, even as a dining car and a sleeping car plus some equipment, the design does not produce a spatial “crisis” problem.