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目的探讨急性重度酒精中毒的急救方法及预防措施。方法选取急性重度酒精中毒患者200例,对患者进行急救治疗,观察临床指标变化及效果。结果抢救2h患者的呼吸频率、收缩压(SBP)、瞳孔值、血氧饱和度(Sp O2)及氧合指数(Pa O2/Fi O2)均高于抢救1h时,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。200例患者的苏醒时间为(68.6±15.2)min;显效137例(68.5%),有效44例(22.0%),无效19例(9.5%),总有效率为90.5%。出现头痛、头晕19例(9.5%),反酸、嗳气19例(9.5%),恶心、呕吐13例(6.5%),心悸、胸闷7例(3.5%)。其中有部分患者出现合并症状的临床反应。结论在抢救急性重度酒精中毒患者时,通过进行有效的急诊处理和使用对症的药物如纳洛酮联合醒脑静可缩短患者苏醒时间,并显著减轻苏醒后临床症状,值得在临床急救中推广使用。
Objective To explore the first aid method and preventive measures for acute severe alcoholism. Methods 200 cases of acute severe alcoholism were selected, the patients were treated with first aid, and the changes of clinical indexes and their effects were observed. Results Respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), pupil value, blood oxygen saturation (Pa O2) and oxygenation index (Pa O2 / Fi O2) were all significantly higher than those at 1 hour after salvage <0.05). The recovery time of the 200 patients was (68.6 ± 15.2) min; 137 cases (68.5%) were markedly effective, 44 (22.0%) were effective, 19 (9.5%) were ineffective and the total effective rate was 90.5%. There were 19 cases (9.5%) of headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting in 13 cases (6.5%), palpitations and chest tightness in 7 cases (3.5%). Some of these patients had clinical symptoms of comorbid symptoms. Conclusions In the rescue of patients with acute severe alcoholism, effective emergency treatment and the use of symptomatic drugs such as naloxone combined with xingnaojing can shorten the recovery time of patients and significantly reduce the clinical symptoms after waking, so it is worth to be used in clinical emergency .