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目的分析佛山市XN小学甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的流行病学特征和调查处理措施,探讨病例特点,评估防控措施,为预防和控制甲型H1N1流感在社区暴发流行提供科学依据。方法采用面对面个案调查和现场调查方法,对佛山市XN小学甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的病例进行个案调查,采用描述性流行病学方法对病例的流行病学特征进行分析。结果该起暴发疫情共报告急性呼吸道感染病例168例,采集其中20例病例的咽拭子经实验室检测19例为甲型H1N1流感确诊病例。病例症状以发热(占100.00%)、咽痛(占64.28%)、咳嗽(占76.79%)为主,无肺炎并发症。病例以一年级学生为主,占53.57%(90/168),男女性别比为1.75?1。密切接触者居家隔离医学观察7 d,无出现异常情况。结论该起疫情是佛山市首起小学甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情,传播特征与季节性流感相似。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and investigation and treatment measures of outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in XN primary school in Foshan City, discuss the characteristics of cases and evaluate the prevention and control measures, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza A (H1N1) outbreak in community. Methods Case-by-case and field survey methods were used to investigate the case of outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in XN primary school in Foshan. The epidemiological characteristics of cases were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results The outbreak of the outbreak reported a total of 168 cases of acute respiratory infections, of which 20 cases of throat swab collected by the laboratory test 19 cases of confirmed cases of influenza A (H1N1). Case symptoms with fever (100.00%), sore throat (64.28%), cough (76.79%), no complications of pneumonia. The cases were mainly freshmen, accounting for 53.57% (90/168), with a male-female ratio of 1.751. Close contact with home isolation medical observation 7 d, no abnormalities. Conclusion The outbreak was the first primary outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in Foshan City. Its transmission characteristics were similar to those of seasonal flu.