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糖尿病一般与早期流产及先天畸形发生率增高相关系,尽管这种联系应仅限于那些孕前就患有糖尿病的患者。就经常发生于晚期妊娠的糖尿病而言,应该不存在这种联系。但生过畸形儿常被认为是患妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素。该研究对患有妊娠期糖尿病的患者及糖耐量正常的女性所生胎儿发生先天畸形的概率进行了对比。息有妊娠期糖尿病的妇女所生胎儿/婴儿发生先天畸形的概率是4.48%,与糖耐量正常的妇女所生的先天畸形发生率相似(4.54%)。这表明,与之前就患有糖尿病不同,妊娠期糖尿病不会增加发生胎儿先天性畸形的概率。
Diabetes is generally associated with an increased incidence of early miscarriage and congenital malformations, although this association should be limited to those patients with pre-pregnancy diabetes. In the case of diabetes, which often occurs in late pregnancy, this association should not exist. However, birth defects are often considered risk factors for gestational diabetes. The study compared the probability of congenital malformations in fetuses born to women with gestational diabetes and women with normal glucose tolerance. The probability of congenital malformation of fetus born to women with gestational diabetes is 4.48%, which is similar to that of women with normal glucose tolerance (4.54%). This suggests that, unlike previous diabetes, gestational diabetes did not increase the probability of congenital malformation of the fetus.