吏役指衙门中以书吏和衙役为主的“非正式结构”。吏役制度是相对于官制而言,学者有时亦称吏制、吏胥制度或胥吏制度。在清代,吏和役关系非同寻常,某种程度上吏就是役;如果把吏和役区别开来,吏在身份上稍优越于役,但二者尤其在地方衙门中有着十分亲密的合作,同为“统治阶级中的被统治者”。 Officials refer to the “informal structure” of bookmakers and runners in the Yamen. Official service system is relative to the official system, the scholars sometimes called officials system, Li Xu system or the system of clerks. In the Qing Dynasty, the relationship between the officials and the military was extraordinary and to a certain extent officials served. If the officials and the government were to be distinguished from each other, the officials were somewhat superior in terms of their status, but both were especially close to the local Yamen Cooperation, the same as “ruled class in the ruling class ”.