西方文论经历了19世纪以作者创作为中心到20世纪对作品本身和对作品的接受为中心的转变,读者地位日益提高;到20世纪六七十年代,更呈现出百家争鸣的景象。作为其中一支非常重要的流派,接受美学对以往的文学理论是一次重大突破,尤其是对传统的生产美学和描写美学极大程度的颠覆。本文主要介绍接受美学产生的背景、代表人物、其旗帜鲜明的读者理论及瑙曼富有特色的马克思主义接受美学理论。 Western literary theory has undergone a shift from the author’s creation as the center in the 19th century to the reception of the work itself and acceptance of works in the 20th century. The status of the readers has been increasing day by day. By the 1960s and 1970s, there appeared even more spectacular scenes. As one of the most important genres, receiving aesthetics has made a major breakthrough in literary theory in the past, especially the subversion of traditional production aesthetics and descriptive aesthetics. This article mainly introduces the aesthetics background, the representatives, the readers’ theory with its banner and Nauman’s unique Marxism to accept the aesthetic theory.