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目的了解小学生近视发病情况,探讨学生视力减退原因及相关预防对策,为社区护理干预提供科学依据。方法随机抽样选取中山市5所城区小学及3所乡镇小学一至六年级4617名学生进行视力检查。结果小学生近视发生率较高(14.81%),二至六年级学生近视发生率随着年级的升高而递增,女生组高于男生组(χ2=58.42,P<0.01),乡镇组高于城区组(χ2=20.06,P<0.01)。结论小学生近视的发生与其学习环境、生活习惯以及学习负担重等密切相关。建议家庭、学校及医院实施针对性的社区干预,降低小学生近视发病率。
Objective To understand the incidence of myopia in primary school students, to explore the causes of visual impairment and related prevention strategies for community nursing intervention to provide a scientific basis. Methods A total of 4617 students from the first grade to the sixth grade in 5 urban elementary schools and 3 townships in Zhongshan City were selected randomly for visual acuity examination. Results The incidence of myopia was higher in pupils (14.81%). The prevalence of myopia in pupils in grades 2 to 6 was higher than that in boys (χ2 = 58.42, P <0.01) Group (χ2 = 20.06, P <0.01). Conclusions The incidence of myopia in primary school students is closely related to their learning environment, living habits and learning burden. Proposed family, schools and hospitals to implement targeted community intervention to reduce the incidence of myopia in primary school students.