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[目的]研究胡杨地理分布区域气候环境特征和变化规律以及胡杨自身对环境气候的适应性。[方法]在综述胡杨树种概况和地理分布的基础上,对胡杨分布区气候、水资源、地下水特征、土壤类型以及人类活动影响等进行了综合分析。[结果]特殊的区域气候环境条件以及长期的人类活动干扰是影响胡杨生长的主要因素。胡杨叶形的变化是对气候环境适应的明显特征,胡杨通过调节酚类次生代谢物质在体内的合成、转运和转化等过程来抵御极端干旱环境下各种环境因子的胁迫。有效的保护和更新复壮措施以及生态输水工程对于恢复和重建受损的胡杨林绿洲生态环境作用显著。[结论]该研究对于中国西北内陆干旱地区生态环境恢复建设具有重要意义。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the characteristics and changing laws of climatic environment of Populus euphratica and the adaptability of Populus euphratica to environment and climate. [Method] Based on the overview of Populus euphratica species distribution and its geographical distribution, this paper conducted a comprehensive analysis of Populus euphratica distribution climate, water resources, groundwater characteristics, soil types and human activities. [Result] The special regional climatic and environmental conditions as well as the long-term disturbance of human activities were the main factors affecting the growth of Populus euphratica. The change of Populus euphratica leaf is the obvious characteristic to adapt to climate and environment. Populus euphratica can resist the stress of various environmental factors in extreme drought by regulating the process of synthesis, transport and transformation of phenolic secondary metabolites in the body. The effective protection and rejuvenation measures and ecological water conveyance project have significant effects on the restoration and reconstruction of damaged ecological environment of Populus euphratica oasis. [Conclusion] This research is of great significance to the restoration and construction of ecological environment in the inland arid regions of northwestern China.