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我国电力改革选择了从发电环节的改革开始,经重组国家电力公司、实行厂网分离,到实行电价改革的渐进式策略。这一策略虽然因其速度缓慢、终端用户无法分享改革利益而备受批评,但它使社会付出了较低的“无序成本”。随着供求关系的缓解,电力产业应强化制度互补作用,尽快改变改革在发电、输电、配电、售电各个环节之间进展不平衡的状况,着力实现配电和售电分离,在售电环节引入竞争机制,探索与市场化改革相适应的监管体制和交易方式,解决电源结构不合理、电力发电输电配电效率低、负外部性等深层次问题,最终建立有效监管的电力市场,使市场在电力资源的配置上发挥更大作用。
China’s power reform has chosen to start from the reform of the power generation sector, after the reorganization of the State Power Company, the implementation of plant network separation, to implement a gradual price reform strategy. Although this strategy has been criticized for its slowness and the inability of end-users to share the benefits of reform, it has made society pay a lower “disorderly cost.” With the alleviation of the relationship between supply and demand, the power industry should reinforce the system complementarity and change the unbalanced progress of the reform in all aspects of power generation, transmission, distribution and sale as soon as possible, strive to achieve the separation of distribution and sale, At the link, the competition mechanism should be introduced to explore the regulatory system and transaction method that is compatible with the market-oriented reform so as to solve deep-seated problems such as unreasonable power structure, low efficiency and negative externalities in transmission and distribution of power generation, and finally to establish an effectively regulated electricity market. The market plays a bigger role in the allocation of power resources.