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In recent years,China has faced increasing downward economic pressure,interwoven structural,institutional and cyclical problems,accelerated international anti-globalization trend,the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic and the global pandemic.The development of small,medium and micro technology-based enterprises has been impacted to a certain extent,and they are fa ced with problems of transformation and financing.Facing the new situation and new problems,venture capital should pay more attention to small and medium-sized enterprises,give full play to the advantages of capital investment,and boost the sustainable and healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises.This paper studies the project investment risk management of Hunan Zhisheng venture capital company,puts forward the problems,analyzes the reasons,and finally summarizes the improvement sch eme of the project investment risk management,so as to prevent the investment risk,improve the success rate of venture capital investment,realize income generation and value-added,and promote the healthy and sustainable development of venture capital e nterprises.This paper expounds some theories of venture capital and project investment risk management,and combs the current situation of project investment risk management of venture capital companies at home and abroad.On this basis,this paper introd uces the basic situation,organizational structure and investment projects of Hunan Zhisheng venture capital company.Combined with the current situation of risk management in the pre investment and investment,post investment management and exit stage,it points out the problems and causes of risk management in the pre investment and investment,post investment management and exit stage of enterprise project investment,It also explain the problem and causes where the overall risk management of enterprise project investment is relatively weak in ideology and ability,organizational structure and system is not perfect..In view of the above problems,this paper designs the improvement scheme of enterprise project investment risk management,puts forward the design principles,implementation key points and main contents of the improvement scheme,and points out that it is necessary to improve the risk management measures in the whole process of pre investment and investment,post investment management and exit stage,enhance the awareness and ability of project investment risk management,and improve the organization and system of project investment risk management.Finally,the paper puts forward the implementation steps,and formulates the security measures to strengthen policy support,improve the human resource management mechanism,improve the information construction,and build collaborative development and cooperation relationship.In this paper,Hunan Zhisheng venture capital company project investment is used as the carrier.The risk management is taken as the starting point to carry out in-depth research and optimize the project investment risk management program design,hoping to provide reference for domestic venture capital companies on the project investment risk management of science and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises.