试论“民生新闻”的话语建构

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"Minsheng News" is a newly constructed discourse which borrows some roots of western tabloidization elements, but is embedded in China’s particular media, political, economic and social-cultural milieu. In the past 20-30 years, China’s media institutions have undergone the commercialization/industrialization process which has transformed media institutions from the traditional government-subsidized organs to (half) self-running commercial structures. In spring of 2003, the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee designated the "Three Proximity" principle for journalism propaganda---- proximity to reality, proximity to life, proximity to the masses. In 2004, the 4th Plenary Session of the 16th Party Central Committee set up the "harmonious society construction" agenda, and On March 4, 2006, general secretary of CPC, Hu Jintao proposed "the eight honors, and eight disgraces" moral codes for all the people, the youth, in particular to observe."Minsheng News" is claimed to conform to the spirit of the "three proximity" guidelines and therefore justifies its nationwide popularity and the sharp increase of Minsheng news programs. Through a case study of one local dialect news program (Aledou Shuo Xin Wen), this paper aims to see a) how Minsheng News is discursively constructed at the visual level, content level, the textual-semiotic-linguistic level and the national, institutional and socio-cultural level; and b) how it balances itself between the traditional governmental mouthpiece role and the newly alleged spokesman for the common people.In terms of the visual level, some semiotic analysis is done to the package elements of this program, say, the studio set-up, the flash songs, the costume, the anchorman, and the logo to see how the visual image shortens the distance of the viewers and thus get viewers involved into this kind of story-telling communicative structure.In terms of the content level, content analysis research method is employed of one month news items to see the news story makeup of Minsheng News, and the roles of the particular program: conflict mediator, morality educator, and local culture promoter. This role-based news categorization will help to shed some light on how and in what way the program will speak for common people, whether it conforms to the "three proximity" guidelines.In terms of micro-textual-semiotic level, one specific story is unfolded about some local residents who complain to the program about the low efficiency/neglect of duty of some governmental sections in delaying to solve the water pipe leakage problem. In this case, the governmental sections are framed as guilty party attacked by common people and thus it would be very intriguing to see how the particular program positions itself, and which party to side with, and how the governmental sections are represented as guilty party through the linguistic signifying mechanisms and speech act theory. The paper finds that the studio anchorman could be really emotional by using emotive vocabularies, but still very careful in word dictions and sentence structures, and rhetorical strategy in order to hide or minimize the guilty governmental section.In terms of the macro-contextual-ideological level, the paper tries to delve into the ways how the particular program has been connected with the above-mentioned national, political and cultural policies and ideologies, how they represent those ideologies and are influenced by those ideologies. Or further how could it strike the balance among the governmental sections, the media and the masses, and how could it contribute to the harmonious society construction.To sum up, this paper hopes to shed some light on visual, content, micro and macro discursive construction of Minsheng News and proposes a few further research possibilities, say, the dynamic relations among regionalism, nationalism, and globalism; and the revitalization of local dialects in media programs and the cultural significance behind.
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