清初的山西,是民族矛盾和民族斗争最尖锐最激烈的地区之一。农民抗清斗争、士绅和民众反清起义、他们的复明运动,降清官员反正事变,在那里连续爆发,接踵交错,频繁复杂。长期以来,对涉及这一段历史的人物和事件虽然进行了许多研究,但是有些活动的面貌至今仍若明若暗。比如,关于虞胤、韩昭宣等士绅组织的具有相当规模的反清起义,记载就极其简略,韩昭宣的名字在多数记载中被隐瞒,著名学者傅山卷入这次起义的事实也未完全显豁,因而他们艰苦卓绝、忠贞壮烈的事迹巳近于被埋没。现存几件档案,记述不可能完整,也可能不切实,在确定某一情节,或某一情节中此一环与彼一环的联系时,不能不进行一些选择和推理。即使这样.仍会留下一些空白点。本文在探索这次起义时,首先将注意恢复历史真相。 Shanxi in the early Qing Dynasty was one of the most acute and violent areas in ethnic conflicts and national struggles. The peasants struggle against the Qing, the gentry and the people’s anti-Qing insurrection. Their fuming campaigns have reduced official evacuation and continual outbreaks there, alternating with one another and frequent complication. Although many studies have been conducted on the characters and events concerning this period of history, the outlook of some activities remains eclipsed. For example, Yu Yin, Han Zhao Xuan and other gentry organizations have a considerable scale of anti-Qing rebellion, the record is extremely simple, Han Zhao Xuan’s name was concealed in most records, the famous scholar Fu Shan involved in this uprising fact is not complete They are therefore extremely hardworking, and their heroic and heroic deeds are almost buried. There are a few archives that can not be complete or unrealistic. There are some choices and inferences that can not but be made in ascertaining a particular episode or the link between this one and another in an episode. Even so, still leave some blank spots. This article explores this uprising, the first will pay attention to restore the historical truth.