The authors are conducting a comprehensive research program with the goal to develop modem bamboo struc tures for buildings and bridges.This paper reports the design, construction, testing of modem bamboo bridges and buildings.The authors developed laminated bamboo girders, named as GluBam, and verified their satisfactory mechani cal performance through full-scale testing.It was demonstrated that the laminated bamboo girders have satisfactory stiffness and load carrying capacity.The use of FRP can further enhance the stiffness and capacity of the bamboo gird ers.Based on the test results and analysis, a 10 m long single lane roadway bridge was designed and constructed, which was the first of the kind in the world.The field tests were carried out using an over loaded two-axel truck with a total weight of 8.6 ton which exceeded the given design truckload of 8.0 ton.The bridge performed satisfactorily with the mid -span deflection corresponding to the critical service loading condition being much smaller than the code required lim it.The paper also reports the authors invention of modem bamboo buildings.In the aftermath of the Great Wenchuan Earthquake of May 12, 2008, the authors developed modem bamboo structure earthquake relief shelters and classrooms and deployed in the devastated area.