Objective Recent studies on meditation revealed that short-term or long-term meditation training could improve attention.In these studies, participants who attended meditation training could perform better in attention tasks than control group.In these attention tasks, participants have already known what the stimuli will present on the screen.However, the real-world raises a different question: how likely are subjects to notice something salient that they do not expect? For example, a person may fail to see a friend in a cinema when looking for an empty seat, even if the friend is waving, a phenomenon known as inattentional blindness (IB).In the present study, we not only examine whether meditation training can improve the ability of focus attention on expectant stimuli relevant to the task, but also test if meditation training can improve the ability of perceiving unexpected objects.Methods The experimental group assigned to 4 days (30-min per day) of meditation practice, the control group got no meditation training.The Attention Network Test (ANT) was conducted on participants before (Time 1) and after (Time 2) training.The IB task was just conducted on the time 2.Results (1) Compared with time 1, the experimental group showed greater improvement in conflict scores on the Attention Network Test at time 2.The control group also got improvement in conflict scores (maybe because of practice) at time 2, but it revealed no significant difference compared to that of time 1.(2) In the IB task, 62.5% subjects in the experimental group noticed the unexpected stimuli.But only 25% subjects in the control group noticed that.Conclusion Meditation training can improve attention and the ability of perceiving unexpected objects.