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In this knowledge-based economy era, knowledge becomes an asset in the form of intellectual property right (IPR) which has been recognized and protected worldwide through enforcement of The WTOs Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS).Protecting microbial materials, an important element for developing biotechnology, by contractual obligations through material transfer agreements (MTAs) has become a general practice after adoption of the Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD).