Objective To study the effect of artificial chordae implantation on left ventricular function in patients with rheumatic heart disease after mitral valve replacement Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 50 patients with rheumatic heart disease and underwent mitral valve replacement surgery.They were divided into two groups based on the different treatment during mitral valve replacement.For 26 patients in group A, bothleaflets and subvalvular apparatus were excised, while for 24 patients were rebuiltsubvalvular apparatus during MVR with artificial chordae in group B.The indexes of leftventricular function in two groups were detected by using the colorDoppler sonography 3 months after the surgery and compared with each other.Results The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in group A, 3 months after the surgery was significantly higher than that in group B.Conclusion Artificial chordae implantationin MVR is a safe and effective surgical techniqueand improve left ventricular function in a short-term.Long-term result and benefit remains to be seen.