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邹衍创立的五德终始说是一种解释王朝更迭的循环命定论,包括德运转移和祥瑞符应两个基本內容。西汉末年五德终始说经过变化,发展为以五德相生来解释政治的变迁。五德终始说影响了长期以来的历史撰述活动,本文考察了二十四史所载符瑞的一般情况,指出各朝代的符瑞与其德运基本一致,而时代越往后符瑞的內容越繁复。这些符瑞多应于开国君主、非嫡长子而位登大宝者和中兴之主等受命帝王,其主旨在说明君权神授及统治的合法性。
The beginning of the five virtues founded by Zou Yan is a kind of circular determinism that explains the change of dynasties, including the two basic elements of the transfer of virtues and auspiciousness. In the late Western Han dynasty, the five virtues finally changed and developed to explain the political changes with the appearance of “Five virtues.” The beginning of the five virtues influenced the long history writing activities. This article examines the general situation of Fu Rui in the history of the Twenty-Four Sects and points out that Fu Rui in each dynasty is basically consistent with its moral fortune. However, The more complicated. These rui-ruo should be the founding monarch, non-eldest son and the big boarder and the resignation of the Lord and other emperors ordered the emperor, whose main purpose is to demonstrate the legitimacy of the sovereignty of the gods and rule.