During biotrophic invasion, Magnaporthe oryzae secretes cytoplasmic effectors, which preferentially accumulate in biotrophic interfacial complexes (BICs) and are translocated into the cytoplasm of rice host ceils.The fungus also secretes apoplastic effectors, which remain in the extracellular space between the fungal cell wall and the rice plasma membrane.Disruption of the conventional ER-Golgi secretion pathway by Brefeldin A treatment blocks secretion of apoplastic effectors, but not secretion of cytoplasmic effectors, indicating that M.oryzae possesses a distinct Golgi-independent secretory system for targeting cytoplasmic effectors into BICs.