With the rapid development of Chinas economy,great changes on production environment,agricultural production and lifestyle have taken place in suburb.Meantime,affected by the impact of modernization and urbanization,peoples lifestyle and psychological needs intends to change too.The accelerating of rural urbanizatation in China can be seen on urban and rural planning,supporting facilities and public service etc.Saving economical use of land,improving living facilities,utilizing renewable resources and protecting ecological environment,China constantly promote the sustainable development of Rural Human Settlements.Since 1999,relevant organizations of China have been cooperating with international institutions.In rural areas of northeast China and Inner Mongolia,Tangyuan County of Heilongjiang province and Benxi City of Liaoning province,for example,model village project have carried out the popularization and application of straw brick,using this kind of new material to build residence.However,there are a large number of residence remain vacant at present.Taken Huangbaiyu village of Benxi city in Liaoning province as the research object,instructed by related theories on environmental behavioral science and sociology,by using the method of questionnaire and interviews,a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis,and based on field survey on the environmental facilities in residential households,this article demonstrate the relationship between building environment and human behavior,propose factors that affect the new rural housing vacancy phenomenon in the construction of rural residence,and furthermore the research on design strategies of sustainable development of rural living environment.Regional natural environment,social,economic and cultural factors all make the sustainable development of rural living environment a difference.We should put interests of farmers as the core,and carefully observe the huge difference of life needs between urban and rural residents.Adjust measures to local conditions,so that the environment and quality of farmers can gradually be improved,and the gap between urban and rural areas to become narrowed.The sustainable development of rural living environment should pay attention to the rational use of land,the recycling use of resources,material and renewable energy.Moreover,housing demand and living habits of farmers deserves more consideration,so that people,buildings and the environment can form a whole organic harmony.