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Nature provides a wide range of structures with different functions,which may serve as a study source of machinery for the researchers.Based on the bionics principle,the bionic structure had been applied in the specimens to compare the thermal fatigue behavior of bionic surface structures of steel.The bionic structures were machined on the samples with a circular hole and a regular triangular hole in order to investigate the effect of different structures on the thermal fatigue behavior.The result showed that the crack resistance of the sample with structure of the circular hole was superior to that of the regular triangular hole.The Rockwell hardness and microstructure around the structure and the plate have been measured before and after the thermal fatigue test.The results showed that the hardness decreased sharply during the thermal fatigue test and that the shape of the curves barely changed around the two structures and the plate.The observation of microstructures indicated that the crack nucleation initiated in the grain boundary and the two structures were transgranular.The thermal fatigue behavior of steel processed by bionic circular hole structure process got a remarkable improvement compared to the regular triangular hole structure and plate.