人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染妇女所生的儿童在宫内或分娩时有获得HIV感染的危险。Brgson等报道1例通过垂直传播感染HIV的儿童随后清除了感染,并通过测定人类白细胞抗原和HIV DNA排除了实验室误差或标本错误,但这种病毒清除的发生率迄今不明。本文报道欧洲4个协作研究中心内HIV感染母亲所生的儿童,并从出生时开始随访,这些儿童均具有感染并随后血清学恢复的病毒学证据。 Children born to women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at risk of acquiring HIV infection during intrauterine or childbirth. Brgson et al. Reported that one child subsequently infected with HIV by vertical transmission subsequently cleared the infection and eliminated laboratory errors or specimen errors by measuring human leukocyte antigen and HIV DNA, but the incidence of this virus clearance has so far been unknown. This article reports on children born to HIV-infected mothers in four collaborating research centers in Europe and their follow-up from birth, all with virological evidence of infection and subsequent serological recovery.