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在朝鲜战争初期,以美国为首的联合国军越过三八线北进,导致中国出兵朝鲜,与美国进行了面对面的军事较量;而在越南战争爆发、升级的进程中,美国一直将战争的界限控制在北纬十七度线以南,中国也只是以派出支援部队的形式援越抗美,中美双方始终未发生直接的军事冲突。这两种不同的结果,事实上同处于敌对状态的中美两国之间对战争底线,即三八线和十七度线的把握,及其信息沟通的状况有着密切的关系。本文着重考察、比较了中美在这两场战争中进行信息沟通的情况,并对其影响进行了分析。
In the early days of the Korean War, the U.S.-led United Nations Army moved northwards across the 38th parallel and led China to dispatch troops to North Korea to conduct face-to-face military battles with the United States. In the course of the outbreak of the Vietnam War, the United States always controlled the boundaries of the war To the south of the 17th parallel latitude north, China merely assisted Vietnam in the form of sending support troops. There has been no direct military clash between China and the United States. These two different results are in fact closely related to the hostile state between China and the United States on the bottom line of the war, that is, the mastery of the 38th and 17th parallel lines and their information communication. This article focuses on the investigation, compares the Sino-American information exchange in these two wars, and analyzes its impact.