目的探讨治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成(deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity,DVT)的病因及诊治方法。方法对2000年1月~2009年8月收治的289例下肢DVT患者的治疗情况及其结果进行分析。结果 279例顺利康复;7例无效;合并肺动脉栓塞11例,其中8例症状轻微,死亡3例。结论及时采用抗凝及溶栓治疗能够有效缓解患者肢体肿胀,改善患肢回流障碍;恶性肿瘤压迫血管导致的下肢静脉血栓抗凝溶栓效果较差;腔静脉滤器能有效预防致死性肺动脉栓塞的发生。 Objective To investigate the etiology and diagnosis and treatment of deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity (DVT). Methods From January 2000 to August 2009 289 cases of lower extremity DVT patients treated and the results were analyzed. Results 279 cases recovered smoothly; 7 cases were ineffective; 11 cases had pulmonary embolism, of which 8 cases had mild symptoms and 3 died. Conclusions Timely anticoagulant and thrombolytic therapy can effectively relieve swollen limbs in patients and improve limb reflux disorder. Malignant tumor is less effective in anticoagulation and thrombolysis of lower extremity venous thrombosis. Vena cava filter can effectively prevent fatal pulmonary embolism occur.