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目的了解陕南中老年农村妇女体力活动状况,为政府制定符合本地区体力活动健康促进策略和进行有针对性早期干预提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取40～60岁女性1 652人,进行体力活动问卷调查。结果轻度、中度和重度体力活动的女性比例分别为58.4%、29.8%和11.8%;不同体力活动水平间运动的生热效应和总能量消耗均值差异有统计意义(P<0.01),仅轻度体力活动水平的估计能量需要量大于总能量消耗量;不同体力活动水平间家务活动、职业活动和静态活动时间的均值差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),闲暇活动时间在23.2～24.6 min和社会活动时间在44.5～46.1 min,组间差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论家务劳动的热效应是机体活动能量消耗的主要构成部分,闲暇时间的体育锻炼产热较少,长时间静态活动是超重的潜在危险因素。
Objective To understand the physical activity of middle-aged and elderly rural women in southern Shaanxi and provide evidence for the government to formulate a health promotion strategy and to carry out targeted early intervention in this area. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to collect 1 652 women aged 40-60 years. Physical activity questionnaire was used to investigate the physical activity. Results The proportion of females in mild, moderate and severe physical activity was 58.4%, 29.8% and 11.8%, respectively. There was significant difference in mean febrile effects and total energy expenditure between different levels of physical activity (P <0.01) The estimated energy requirement of physical activity level was greater than the total energy consumption. There was a significant difference in mean of household activity, occupational activity and static activity time between different levels of physical activity (P <0.01), and leisure time was between 23.2-24.6 min And social activities in 44.5 ~ 46.1 min, no significant difference between groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The thermal effect of housework is the main component of the energy consumption of body activities. There is less heat production in spare time and the long-term static activity is the potential risk factor of overweight.