偏头痛是一种疾病,并非一种症状,甚为常见,患者约占人口的10％。其突出的症状虽是头痛,但与一般头痛不同,通常易将此二者相混淆而导致诊断治疗的错误。偏头痛是一种慢性病,常有遗传性,其特点是反复发作的头部一侧搏动性疼痛,常伴有消化系紊乱(恶心、呕吐)和全身不适(无力、面色苍白、畏寒),有时伴有眼科、神经系统、或情绪征候。患者多因头痛症状而就诊,但应注意它是全身性疾病而非单纯性头痛。 1.偏头痛的主要紊乱是,头部血管舒缩性及疼痛阈同时受累。偏头痛发作的临床时相是相继出现血管收缩和血管扩张,继之颈外动脉与颈内动脉分布区的动脉水肿。但是仅就血管舒缩改变不能解释全部疼痛现象,目前认为发病的同时还释放出致痛的和作用于血管的物质(组胺、缓激肽、5-羟色胺等)。 Migraine is a disease, not a symptom, very common, with about 10% of the population. Its prominent symptoms are headache, but unlike the general headache, it is usually easy to confuse the two to diagnose the treatment error. Migraine is a chronic disease that is often hereditary and is characterized by recurrent pulsatile head-side pain, often accompanied by digestive disturbances (nausea, vomiting) and general malaise (weakness, pale, chills), Occasionally associated with ophthalmology, nervous system, or emotional symptoms. Mostly due to headache symptoms and treatment, but it should be noted that it is a systemic disease rather than simple headache. 1. The main disorder of migraine is that the head vasomotor and pain threshold are involved at the same time. The clinical phase of migraine attacks is the subsequent vasoconstriction and vasodilation, followed by the external carotid artery and internal carotid artery distribution of arterial edema. However, the change of vasoconstriction can not explain the whole phenomenon of pain. It is thought that the onset of pain and the release of pain-inducing and vascular substances (histamine, bradykinin, serotonin, etc.) are currently considered.