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综合模拟实验土坡降雨入渗的各种常见影响因子,实验结果表明:土质对降雨入渗能力的影响明显,土中粘粒含量越高,颗粒越细微,粒间孔隙越小,吸、保水性能越强,开始入渗速度较快,在一定时间后入渗趋于平缓,浸润线前锋位置与雨水之间存在滞后现象;土体结构都对土体入渗能力产生较大影响,随着土体密实程度的增加,土体水力传导度减小,其水分入渗能力明显降低,开始入渗速度较快,在30min过后入渗趋于平缓;在临界含水量内,渗透系数与饱和度成反比;在正常温度范围内,对渗透影响不明显;坡度与累积入渗深度基本呈凸形曲线关系;随着植被覆盖度增加,累积入渗量成直线增加。
The results show that the influence of soil quality on rainfall infiltration is obvious. The higher the clay content in soil, the finer the particles, the smaller the intergranular pore space, The stronger the performance is, the faster the infiltration rate begins. The infiltration tends to be gentle after a certain period of time, and there is a hysteresis between the position of the front of the infiltration line and the rainwater. The soil structure has a great influence on the soil infiltration capacity. With the increase of soil compaction, the soil hydraulic conductivity decreased, the infiltration capacity of soil decreased obviously, and the infiltration rate began to infiltrate quickly. The infiltration tended to be gentle after 30 min. Within the critical water content, the permeability coefficient and saturation But in the normal temperature range, the influence on infiltration is not obvious. The slope and cumulative infiltration depth are basically convex curve. As the vegetation coverage increases, the cumulative infiltration increases linearly.