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以长白楤木为试材,采用超声提取长白楤木的根、茎、叶、芽中皂苷类物质,利用紫外-可见分光光度计测定皂苷类物质的含量,通过单因素试验和正交实验考察了提取时间、料液比、乙醇浓度对皂苷类物质提取率的影响,确定了最佳提取条件。结果表明:料液比对皂苷类物质的提取有显著性影响;料液比为1∶20g/mL、乙醇浓度65%、提取时间20min,为长白楤木中皂苷类成分超声提取的最佳条件,此条件下测得长白楤木中皂苷类物质含量最高的为根,含量为16 461.3465μg/mL。
The saponins were extracted from root, stem, leaf and shoot of Changbai alder by ultrasonic wave. The content of saponins was determined by UV-visible spectrophotometer. The single factor test and orthogonal experiment The effects of extraction time, solid-liquid ratio and ethanol concentration on the extraction rate of saponins were studied, and the optimum extraction conditions were determined. The results showed that the ratio of solid to liquid had a significant effect on the extraction of saponins. The optimal conditions for the ultrasonic extraction of saponins were as follows: the ratio of solid to liquid was 1:20 g / mL, the concentration of ethanol was 65% and the extraction time was 20 min Under these conditions, the highest content of saponins was detected in root of Alnus japonicus, the content was 16 461.3465μg / mL.