目的探讨分析目前应用机械通气治疗早产儿肺透明膜病效果及存在的问题。方法对2 4名胎龄平均为 31.2周 ,出生体重平均为 16 15 g的早产儿肺透明膜病患儿进行传统呼吸机治疗 ,所用呼吸机为InfantStar压力限制型婴儿呼吸机 ,入院时摄胸片 7例为Ⅱ级肺透 ,11例为Ⅲ级 ,6例为Ⅳ级肺透。结果除 6例自动退院外 ,其余 18例患儿均痊愈出院 ,平均用呼吸机时间 10 9h ,其中 13例患儿合并肺炎 ,4名合并肺出血 ,1名合并气胸 ,3例合并颅内出血 ,住院日数平均为 2 7d。结论应用呼吸机技术提高后将有更多小早产儿肺透明膜病进入NICU做机械通气治疗 ,限制高PIP应用的策略减少了气胸的发生 ,在机械通气过程中如何防止呼吸道感染仍是我国NICU今后需要重视的问题  Objective  To investigate the current application of mechanical ventilation in the treatment of preterm children with hyaline membrane disease effect and the existing problems.  Methods 2 On 24 children with an average age of 31.2 weeks gestational age and an average birth weight of 16 15 g of children with hyaline membrane disease were treated with a conventional ventilator, InfantStar pressure-limited infants were used in the ventilator, Seven cases of chest radiographs were grade Ⅱ, 11 cases were grade Ⅲ and 6 cases were grade Ⅳ. Results The results showed that in addition to the 6 patients who were withdrawn from hospital automatically, the remaining 18 patients were discharged. The mean time to ventilator was 10 9 hours. Thirteen children with pneumonia, four with pulmonary hemorrhage, one with pneumothorax and three with craniofacial Internal bleeding, hospitalization days an average of 2 7d.  Conclusion  The application of ventilator technology will increase the number of patients with hyaline membrane disease of NICU into mechanical ventilation in the NICU. Strategies to limit the application of high PIP reduce the occurrence of pneumothorax. How to prevent respiratory infection during mechanical ventilation is still NICU in our country need to pay attention to the problem in the future