为探寻大豆在荫蔽胁迫及光照恢复后的形态建成和光合生理的响应策略,选用‘九月黄’、‘江浦黑豆’和‘永胜黑豆’3个大豆材料,以单作和玉米/大豆带状套作种植模式为研究对象,分析套作荫蔽及光照恢复后大豆形态特征、光合速率、叶片解剖结构、光合色素含量等参数的响应特征。结果表明:套作种植下,大豆在V5期(第5片复叶展开)受玉米荫蔽胁迫,与单作大豆相比,株高显著增加,茎粗和地上部分生物量显著降低;其茎、叶和柄生物量分配比为58%、36.5%和5.5%,而单作下分别为36%、50%和14%,套作荫蔽下大豆的地上部分生物量分配中心由叶片改变为茎秆。同时,叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素a/b及净光合速率下降,但叶绿素b含量和栅栏组织厚度/海绵组织厚度比值增加。玉米收获解除荫蔽胁迫后,在大豆R6期(鼓粒期),株高、茎粗、叶面积和地上部分生物量积累与单作的差异缩小,茎、叶和柄生物量分配比例为41%、49%和10%;叶片、栅栏组织和海绵组织厚度比V5期(玉-豆共生期)分别增加117%、99%和81%;光合色素与单作相比差异不显著,但净光合速率显著低于单作。玉-豆带状套作下的3个大豆材料的单株产量差异较大,‘简阳九月黄’、‘江浦黑豆’和‘永胜黑豆’的单株产量分别下降33%、64%和40%。因此,大豆能够通过形态、光合生理特征的可塑性来适应光环境,但品种间存在差异。 In order to explore the response strategies of the morphogenesis and photosynthetic physiology of soybean after shading and light restoration, three soybean materials, ’September yellow’, ’Jiangpu black bean’ and ’Yongsheng black bean’, were selected to be single and corn / soybean The results showed that the response characteristics of soybean morphological characteristics, photosynthetic rate, leaf anatomical structure, photosynthetic pigment content and other parameters were analyzed. The results showed that the plant height was significantly increased and the stalk diameter and aboveground biomass were significantly reduced compared with those of monoculture soybean under the intercropping of soybean at V5 stage (the fifth compound leaf was unfolded) The biomass allocation ratios of leaves and stems were 58%, 36.5% and 5.5%, respectively, while the single shoots were 36%, 50% and 14%, respectively. . At the same time, leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness, sponge tissue thickness, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll a / b and net photosynthetic rate decreased, but chlorophyll b content and palisade tissue thickness / sponge tissue thickness ratio increased. After shading maize harvest, the differences in biomass, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and aboveground biomass accumulation in the soybean R6 stage (drum stage) were reduced and the biomass allocation ratio of stem, leaf and stalk was 41% , 49% and 10% respectively. The thickness of leaf tissue, palisade tissue and sponge tissue increased by 117%, 99% and 81% respectively compared with V5 (Jade-bean symbiosis) Rate was significantly lower than single. The results showed that the yield per plant of three soybean materials under the jade and bean tape set was quite different. The single yield of ’Jianyang September Yuehuang’, ’Jiangpu Black Bean’ and ’Yongsheng Black Bean’ decreased by 33%, 64% and 40%. Therefore, soybean can adapt to the light environment through the plasticity of morphological and photosynthetic physiological characteristics, but there are differences among varieties.