句子是人们交际过程中的基本使用单位。一个句子的语义,就是说话人通过句子这言语片断所传达给听话人的信息。句子的语义信息往往是很复杂的,比如有基本意义,有附加意义;有词汇意义,有语法意义;有理性意义,有指称意义;有字面意义,有言外之意等等。这些不同的句义都是由各种语言因素和非语言因素负载,因此,我们可以从不同的平面上对句子的语义进行词汇的、语法的语用的分析。 Sentences are the basic units that people use in their communication. The semantics of a sentence is the message that the speaker communicates to the hearer through the speech segment of the sentence. The semantic information of sentences is often very complex, such as basic meaning, additional meaning; has a lexical meaning, grammatical significance; rational meaning, referential meaning; literal meaning, meaning beyond words and so on. These different senses are all loaded with various linguistic and nonverbal factors. Therefore, we can make lexical and syntactic pragmatic analyzes of sentence semantics from different aspects.