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在一国的对外贸易中,没有任何一个企业在决定进、出口量时,会正确地考虑国家安全利益。这种由于企业对外贸易行为(主要指进出口)而引起的国家利益的损失,称之为对外贸易风险成本。本文以矿产品“买涨卖跌”现象为例,通过对对外贸易风险成本的形成机理的分析,提出了国家激励模型的设计思路,以便达到有效降低对外贸易风险成本的目的。
In a country’s foreign trade, no single enterprise correctly considers the interests of national security when deciding on the volume of imports and exports. The loss of national interest caused by the enterprise’s foreign trade (mainly referring to import and export) is called the cost of foreign trade risk. This article takes the phenomenon of “buying, selling, selling, falling” as an example. By analyzing the formation mechanism of the risk of foreign trade risk, this paper puts forward the design idea of national incentive model in order to achieve the purpose of effectively reducing the risk cost of foreign trade.