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目的:以新医改政策为背景,从卫生法学角度了解广东某市部分农民工享有健康权益现状,为后续权益维护措施或解决办法提供依据。方法:通过问卷调查,向该市几个主要行业农民工派发问卷,了解其健康权益享有状况。结果:共回收526份有效问卷,结果显示“居住环境卫生、每月看病费用、个人健康状况是否得到雇主重视、是否在工作过程中因不适而住院、住院费用报销情况、是否受工伤和雇主对工伤的处理”等七个方面是导致农民工健康权益满意度低的主要因素;建筑、环卫清洁、餐饮服务、搬运及其他共五个被调查行业农民工的健康权益满意度分别为18.23%、16.54%、24.53%、10.13%及9.09%,且行业间的满意度差异有统计学意义(P=0.012)。结论:该市农民工健康权益享有程度满意度有待提高,相关部门应该充分落实新医改精神,并且应该加强农民工的社会保障立法,依法为保障农民工健康权益维护采取相应措施。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status quo of health rights and interests of some rural migrant workers in a certain city of Guangdong from the perspective of health law, and to provide basis for the follow-up rights maintenance measures or solutions. Methods: Through the questionnaire survey, questionnaires were sent to migrant workers in several major industries in the city to find out their health rights and interests. Results: A total of 526 valid questionnaires were collected. The results showed that "whether occupational sanitation, monthly medical expenses, personal health status are valued by employers, hospitalization due to discomfort during work, reimbursement of hospitalization expenses, whether work-related injuries and employers The treatment of work-related injuries and other seven aspects are the main factors leading to the low satisfaction of migrant workers’ health rights and interests. The satisfaction of health and interests of migrant workers in construction, sanitation and sanitation, catering services, handling and other five surveyed industries was 18.23 %, 16.54%, 24.53%, 10.13% and 9.09%, respectively. There was also a significant difference in satisfaction among industries (P = 0.012). Conclusion: The degree of satisfaction of migrant workers’ health rights and interests in this city needs to be improved. Relevant departments should fully implement the spirit of new medical reform, and should strengthen the social security legislation of migrant workers and take appropriate measures to safeguard the health rights and interests of migrant workers according to law.