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目的：了解国外抗结核分支杆菌及抗鸟胞内分支杆菌药物脂质体的研究进展，为研制应用抗结核药物脂质体提供参考。方法：以国外近几年来有关文献为基础，进行分析、归纳。结果：文献显示，链霉素、卡那霉素、丁胺卡那霉素、利福平脂质体比游离药物，能显著提高体内、外抗菌活性；氧氟沙星及克拉霉素脂质体，在人血巨噬细胞模型上试验，抗菌作用也明显提高（Ｐ＜０．００５）；链霉素的空间稳定脂质体与常规脂质体相比，在小鼠抗分支杆菌模型上，未见显著差异；庆大霉素脂质体用于ＡＩＤＳ患者的鸟胞内分支杆菌感染有效，未见抗结核药物脂质体用于结核患者。结论：研究开发新型抗结核药物脂质体，逐步推广到临床治疗中，是一个新课题，具有广泛的前景。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the research progress of drug-resistant liposomes against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium in foreign countries and provide a reference for the development and application of anti-TB drug liposomes. Methods: Based on the relevant literature in recent years in foreign countries, analysis and induction are made. Results: The literature shows that streptomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, rifampicin liposomes can significantly enhance the antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo than the free drug; ofloxacin and clarithromycin Compared with the conventional liposomes, the liposomes of streptomycin had higher antimicrobial activity than that of the conventional liposomes (P <0.005). On the mouse anti-mycobacterial model, , No significant difference was found. Gentamycin liposomes were effective for Mycobacterium avium infection in AIDS patients, and no antituberculosis drug liposomes were found in tuberculosis patients. Conclusion: It is a new topic that research and development of liposomes of new antituberculosis drugs are gradually extended to clinical treatment with broad prospects.