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通过干预范式和中介刺激法,随机选取112名初中一年级学生为被试,采用一系列自编的材料和工具,考察了关键字母法效应的三个条件:识别关键字母、提取同分异构词和提取同分异构词释义。结果表明:(1)如果要求准确的回忆,从短期和长期看,识别关键字母和提取同分异构词都是关键字母法效应的必要条件,提取同分异构词释义是关键字母法效应的充分条件。(2)如果只要求大致的回忆,从长期看,识别关键字母是关键字母法效应的必要条件,提取同分异构词是关键字母法效应潜在的充分条件,而提取同分异构词释义则是关键字母法效应的充分条件。
A total of 112 first-year middle school students were randomly selected as the subjects through intervention paradigm and agency stimulus method. A series of self-compiled materials and tools were used to investigate the three conditions of the key law effect: Heterogeneous words and the extraction of synonyms. The results show as follows: (1) If accurate recall is required, both short-term and long-term identification of key words and extraction of isomeric words are necessary conditions for the parenting effect of the key words. The extraction of the synonymous words is the key word Sufficient conditions of the mother law effect. (2) In the long run, recognizing the key word is the necessary condition of the parenting effect of the key word if the general memory is only required. The extraction of the synonymous word is the latent sufficient condition of the key word method effect, The definition of word formation is the sufficient condition of the key law effect.