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目的评价深圳市宝安区社区高血压患者自我管理模式应用效果。方法选取2015年8月—2016年6月深圳市宝安区13个社区收治的高血压患者280例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组145例和观察组135例。对照组患者采用普通健康管理模式,观察组患者采用高血压自我管理模式。比较两组患者干预前后血压、血脂指标,健康知识知晓率、规范用药率,健康生活方式与健康行为形成率。结果两组患者干预前收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者干预后SBP、DBP、TG、TC均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者健康知识知晓率、规范用药率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者合理膳食率、戒烟戒酒率、体育锻炼率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论自我管理模式能提高社区高血压患者对高血压防治知识的掌握程度,继而改变自身不良生活方式,培养健康生活行为,最终能达到理想的控制血压的目的。
Objective To evaluate the effect of self-management of community-based hypertensive patients in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City. Methods Two hundred and eighty patients with hypertension in 13 communities in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City from August 2015 to June 2016 were divided into control group (n = 145) and observation group (n = 135) using random number table. Control group of patients with general health management mode, observation group patients with hypertension self-management mode. Before and after intervention, the blood pressure, blood lipid index, awareness of health knowledge, standardized medication rate, healthy life style and health behavior formation rate were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in SBP, DBP, TG and TC between the two groups before intervention (P> 0.05). The SBP, DBP, TG, TC were lower than the control group (P <0.05). The awareness rate of health knowledge and standard medication rate in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The reasonable diet rate, smoking cessation rate and physical activity rate in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Self-management mode can improve the mastery of hypertension prevention and control knowledge in community-based hypertensive patients, and then change their own unhealthy lifestyles and develop healthy life behaviors, ultimately achieving the ideal goal of blood pressure control.