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图表作文是说明文的一种。2010年高考英语参考卷中,书面表达首次以柱状图形式命题,使图表作文成为老师和同学们关注的重点之一。
要写好图表作文,前提是领会图表传达的信息,弄清主题。一般可以从三个层次进行写作:(1)按照题目要求描述图表反映的总体情况,即概括大意;(2)对数字进行仔细的比较,分析、归纳其特点,并找出数字变化的原因;(3)表达读图表后的想法和观点,得出自己的结论。
例阅读下列图表,以Changes in the Ways People Spent Their Holidays为题,写一篇120词左右的短文。
注意:1. 文章开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2. 可根据图表信息,适当发挥。
Changes in the Ways People Spent Their Holidays
The ways people spent their holidays have changed greatly recently.
对于这道图表作文题,在审题时首先可以从给定的文章题目Changes in the Ways People Spent Their Holidays入手明确图表要表达的主题,即“人们度假方式的变化”。
明确了图表的主题后,再着手分析具体信息,找出信息的特点、规律。先要读懂柱状图坐标表示的意思,读懂图例与文字说明,比较柱的高低和不同图案分别表示的内容及数据。从这个图中我们可以知道,从2002年到2006年,在各种度假方式中,选择traveling abroad的人数由15%上升至25%,选择going to seaside的由40%跌至35%,选择camping的由10%上升至30%,选择staying at home的由35%下降至10%。根据这些数据,我们可以发现,现在人们越来越热衷在假期进行户外活动,一个明显的变化就是选择“在家”的人数大规模减少,而选择“野营”的人数相应增长,这或许是因为人们逐渐厌倦城市生活所致。
理清数据,得出结论后就可以开始写作了。写作时,引用图表包含的这些数据(见例文画线部分),会使你的文章“由图而发”,言之有据。
【例文】
Changes in the Ways People Spent Their Holidays
The ways people spent their holidays have changed greatly recently. In 2002, 35% of people spent their holidays at home. The number dropped greatly to 10% in 2006. The chart shows that the number of people spending their holidays traveling abroad increased. Compared with 15% in 2002, the rate in 2006 rose to 25%. Because people now have much more money than before, they can afford to travel abroad, and the rate may continue to rise in the near future.
The chart shows that the number of people going to seaside remained nearly the same, while the number of people who go camping rose from 10% in 2002 to 30% in 2006. Maybe people become tired of the city life and want to be close to nature.
如果你在写作图表作文时,对如何表达图表中的数据、信息感到很头疼,那么,以下词汇、固定搭配和句型值得你留心记忆。
(1) 描述图表反映的总体情况时常用的句型:
As is shown in the chart, great changes have been taking place in ...
As the chart above shows, ...
We can see from the graph that ...
As is described in the chart ...
From the table we can find out that ...
As can be seen from the chart ...
(2) 对数字进行比较、分析差异时常用的单词和固定搭配:
表示“升高”“降低”: rise, increase, drop, reduce, decrease, fall ...
用于“比较”: compared to/with ..., in comparison with, in contrast ...
表示“相同”: as ... as, the same as, be similar to ...
表示“不同”: be different from ..., differ from ...
(3) 说明原因或陈述自己的看法时常用的句型:
There are two main factors leading to this change. For one thing, ... For another thing, ...
Several factors/reasons contribute to/lead to/result in/cause such changes.
In conclusion/To conclude/We can draw the conclusion that ...
It seems clear that/It is clear from the chart that ...
要写好图表作文,前提是领会图表传达的信息,弄清主题。一般可以从三个层次进行写作:(1)按照题目要求描述图表反映的总体情况,即概括大意;(2)对数字进行仔细的比较,分析、归纳其特点,并找出数字变化的原因;(3)表达读图表后的想法和观点,得出自己的结论。
例阅读下列图表,以Changes in the Ways People Spent Their Holidays为题,写一篇120词左右的短文。
注意:1. 文章开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2. 可根据图表信息,适当发挥。
Changes in the Ways People Spent Their Holidays
The ways people spent their holidays have changed greatly recently.
对于这道图表作文题,在审题时首先可以从给定的文章题目Changes in the Ways People Spent Their Holidays入手明确图表要表达的主题,即“人们度假方式的变化”。
明确了图表的主题后,再着手分析具体信息,找出信息的特点、规律。先要读懂柱状图坐标表示的意思,读懂图例与文字说明,比较柱的高低和不同图案分别表示的内容及数据。从这个图中我们可以知道,从2002年到2006年,在各种度假方式中,选择traveling abroad的人数由15%上升至25%,选择going to seaside的由40%跌至35%,选择camping的由10%上升至30%,选择staying at home的由35%下降至10%。根据这些数据,我们可以发现,现在人们越来越热衷在假期进行户外活动,一个明显的变化就是选择“在家”的人数大规模减少,而选择“野营”的人数相应增长,这或许是因为人们逐渐厌倦城市生活所致。
理清数据,得出结论后就可以开始写作了。写作时,引用图表包含的这些数据(见例文画线部分),会使你的文章“由图而发”,言之有据。
【例文】
Changes in the Ways People Spent Their Holidays
The ways people spent their holidays have changed greatly recently. In 2002, 35% of people spent their holidays at home. The number dropped greatly to 10% in 2006. The chart shows that the number of people spending their holidays traveling abroad increased. Compared with 15% in 2002, the rate in 2006 rose to 25%. Because people now have much more money than before, they can afford to travel abroad, and the rate may continue to rise in the near future.
The chart shows that the number of people going to seaside remained nearly the same, while the number of people who go camping rose from 10% in 2002 to 30% in 2006. Maybe people become tired of the city life and want to be close to nature.
如果你在写作图表作文时,对如何表达图表中的数据、信息感到很头疼,那么,以下词汇、固定搭配和句型值得你留心记忆。
(1) 描述图表反映的总体情况时常用的句型:
As is shown in the chart, great changes have been taking place in ...
As the chart above shows, ...
We can see from the graph that ...
As is described in the chart ...
From the table we can find out that ...
As can be seen from the chart ...
(2) 对数字进行比较、分析差异时常用的单词和固定搭配:
表示“升高”“降低”: rise, increase, drop, reduce, decrease, fall ...
用于“比较”: compared to/with ..., in comparison with, in contrast ...
表示“相同”: as ... as, the same as, be similar to ...
表示“不同”: be different from ..., differ from ...
(3) 说明原因或陈述自己的看法时常用的句型:
There are two main factors leading to this change. For one thing, ... For another thing, ...
Several factors/reasons contribute to/lead to/result in/cause such changes.
In conclusion/To conclude/We can draw the conclusion that ...
It seems clear that/It is clear from the chart that ...