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据美国《研究与发展内情》报道,美国底特律Chrysler公司的研究人员发现,通过掺杂Ⅰa和Ⅱa组元素,不用增加Ni和Cr含量就可以提高不锈钢的抗高温氧化性能。利用这项低成本技术生产的不锈钢,可用于制造汽轮机燃烧器或热处理过程中使用的料盘或轨道等。 Ni或Cr通常可在不锈钢上形成一层抗氧化涂层,但在高温下仍会有一部分氧通过涂层而引起氧化。但Mg、Ca、Na、K等掺杂物可扩散进涂层,抑制阳离子扩散,从而阻止合金钢氧化。在奥氏体合金上进行实验的结果最好,掺杂物可提高330型不锈钢抗氧化性99％,310型80％,440型62％,所有进行了掺杂的合金钢样品均在1000℃下承受了2800小时的考验。对15r合金钢也进行了实验,但目前尚不清楚此种方法是否对合金含量更低的钢起作用。
According to the U.S. “Research and Development Intelligence,” researchers at Chrysler Inc. in Detroit, USA, found that by doping elements of Group Ia and Group IIa, the high temperature oxidation resistance of stainless steel can be enhanced without increasing Ni and Cr contents. Stainless steel produced with this low-cost technology can be used to make steam trays or trays or rails used in heat treatment. Ni or Cr usually forms a layer of anti-oxidation coating on stainless steel, but some oxygen will still be oxidized by the coating at high temperature. However, such as Mg, Ca, Na, K and other dopants can diffuse into the coating, inhibit the diffusion of cations, thereby preventing the oxidation of alloy steel. Experiments on austenitic alloys showed the best results. The dopants increased the oxidation resistance of Type 330 stainless steel by 99%, Type 310 by 80%, and Type 440 by 62%. All of the alloyed samples were annealed at 1000 ℃ Under the test of 2800 hours. Experiments have also been conducted on 15r alloy steels, but it is not clear whether this method will work for steels with lower alloy contents.