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目的:探讨维甲酸致大鼠骨质疏松对下颌骨骨量的影响。方法:20只3月龄SD雌性大鼠,按随机数字表法分为对照组和模型组,每组10只。采用维甲酸灌胃建立大鼠骨质疏松模型以诱发下颌骨骨丢失,通过下颌骨骨密度测量;血中各项生化指标的检测;下颌骨解剖形态观察以及骨组织形态计量法测量等方法,观测维甲酸诱导的模型对下颌骨骨量的影响。结果:灌胃15d后,立体显微镜下可见,模型组大鼠下颌角下缘和下颌孔上缘有骨膜下骨吸收区存在;模型组大鼠下颌骨磨牙段骨密度为(0.281±0.017)g/cm2,比对照组骨密度犤(0.324±0.005)g/cm2犦明显降低(t=5.944,P<0.05);骨组织形态计量法结果显示,模型组下颌骨骨小梁平均宽度显著低于对照组(t=26.302,P<0.05);模型组下颌骨骨小梁平均间隔宽度显著高于对照组(t=19.963,P<0.05)。与对照组相比,血清雌二醇水平显著降低,血清碱性磷酸酶和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶活性显著升高。结论:灌服维甲酸后,颌骨出现了疏松化改变,表明该模型用于研究下颌骨骨丢失是可行的。
Objective: To investigate the effect of retinoic acid on osteoporosis of mandible in rats. Methods: Twenty female SD rats of 3 months old were randomly divided into control group and model group with 10 in each group. Rat model of osteoporosis was established by intraperitoneal instillation of retinoic acid to induce mandibular bone loss. The mandibular bone mineral density (BMD) was measured through the mandibular bone mineral density measurement. The biochemical markers in the blood were measured. The mandibular anatomical morphology and bone histomorphometry were measured. Effect of retinoic acid induced model on mandibular bone mass. Results: After 15 days of intragastric administration, the submandibular bone resorption region existed in the lower edge of mandibular angle and the superior margin of mandibular foramen in model group. The bone mineral density of mandibular molar in model group was (0.281 ± 0.017) g / cm2, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (0.324 ± 0.005) g / cm2 ((t = 5.944, P <0.05). The bone histomorphometric results showed that the average width of mandibular trabeculae in model group was significantly lower than (T = 26.302, P <0.05). The mean interval width of mandibular trabeculae in model group was significantly higher than that in control group (t = 19.963, P <0.05). Compared with the control group, serum estradiol levels decreased significantly, serum alkaline phosphatase and tartrate acid phosphatase activity was significantly increased. CONCLUSION: After the rabbits were fed with retinoic acid, the jaws appeared loosened, which indicated that this model was feasible for the study of mandibular bone loss.