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奥陶纪生物大辐射是近年来引起国际地学界极大关注的一次重大生物演化事件,相关学者从多个角度对它开展研究,已发表数百篇专门的论文(著).对该事件的研究涉及较多的学科领域和科学问题,内容广泛,对其触发机制和控制因素也有多种观点或假说.文章对这一事件研究进行述评,并结合作者近年来在该领域的研究成果,就其中的4个关键科学问题逐一进行详细剖析:(1)奥陶纪大辐射与生物门类、生态方式、海水深度、纬度及气候的关联;(2)奥陶纪海洋生物的生态及食物网;(3)化石记录与真实的生物多样性;(4)奥陶纪大辐射的起因与控制因素.此外,还指出了解决这四方面问题的主要途径.
Ordovician biological radiation is a major biological evolution that has aroused great concern of the international geosciences in recent years. Related scholars have studied it from many angles and published hundreds of special papers. The research involves a large number of subject areas and scientific issues, and has a wide range of content and a variety of opinions or hypotheses about its triggering mechanism and controlling factors.The article reviews the research on this event and, combined with the author’s research achievements in this field in recent years, The four key scientific issues are analyzed in detail one by one: (1) the association of large Ordovician radiation with biomes, ecology, seawater depth, latitude and climate; (2) the Ordovician marine ecology and food web; (3) Fossil record and true biological diversity; (4) The causes and controlling factors of Ordovician radiation. In addition, the main ways to solve these four aspects are pointed out.