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目的 探索医院感染的危险因素,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法 于2000年4月对贵阳市4所综合医院住院患者中的106例医院感染者进行了危险因素病例对照研究。结果 抗生素应用二联以上、住院天数≥4周、免疫抑制剂（激素）的使用、细胞毒药物的使用4项因素为院内感染的危险因素。结论 预防和控制NI的关键是预防和控制NI的危险因素。
Objective To explore the risk factors of nosocomial infection and provide basis for prevention and treatment measures. Methods In April 2000, 106 hospitalized patients in 4 general hospitals of Guiyang were enrolled in the case-control study of risk factors. Results The application of antibiotics in combination with two or more days, hospital stay ≥ 4 weeks, the use of immunosuppressive agents (hormones) and the use of cytotoxic drugs were the risk factors of nosocomial infection. Conclusion The key to preventing and controlling NI is to prevent and control the risk factors of NI.