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在海水入侵的研究中,通常将海水作为一个重要的混合端元。而一般沿海带的海水,尤其是河口海水相对于标准海水都会受到入海河流以及沿海人为活动的强烈影响,在空间和时间上的分布不断在变化。因此在研究海水入侵之前,研究河口海水、标准海水与河水成分之间的混合关系至关重要。本研究主要是对比海水和地表水的稳定同位素和水文地球化学成分。在莱州湾入海河流白浪河的下游沿岸采集5件河水样品,河口采集7件海水样品,对样品进行了水化学和稳定同位素测试,研究淡水和海水的混合关系。采用惰性示踪剂(δD、δ~(18)O、Cl~-、Br~-)和反应示踪剂(Na~+、Mg~(2+)、SO~(2-)_4、HCO~-_3、Ca~(2+)、NO~-_3)展开分析。在δD-δ~(18)O关系图上,所有的河水样品都位于全球大气水线之下,反映了上游水库水的蒸发,海水样品则位于标准海水与河水样品的混合线上。河水样品δ~(18)O—Cl~-关系表明不同程度的溶解了蒸发盐;河水样品的Ca~(2+)、HCO~-_3、SO~(2-)_4与Cl~-的比值反映了CO_2气体、碳酸盐以及硫酸盐溶解。海水样品的Br~-/Cl~-比值与海水比值基本相同,与其它主要离子与Cl~-的关系都表明海水样品源于标准海水与河水的混合。因此当河水和海水混合时,两种水体的溶剂发生机械混合,溶质中海水占主导的化学成分与Cl~-比值都接近海水比值,包括Na~+、Mg~(2+)、SO~(2-)_4、Br~-和Cl~-的比值,而大陆生成的成分在淡水中与Cl~-的比值都会大于海水比值,主要有HCO~-_3、Ca~(2+)、NO~-_3和Cl~-的比值。这种混合机理也适用于地下水。
In the study of seawater intrusion, seawater is often used as an important mixed telogen. In general, the seawater in the coastal zone, especially the estuarine sea water, is strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities in rivers and lakes and coastal areas, and its distribution in space and time is constantly changing with respect to standard seawater. Therefore, before studying seawater intrusion, it is very important to study the mixing relationship between estuarine and standard seawater and river water components. This study compares the stable isotopes and hydrogeochemical components of seawater and surface water. Five samples of river water were collected along the downstream of the Bai Lang River into the sea of Laizhou Bay. Seven samples of seawater were collected from the estuary. The samples were subjected to chemical and stable isotope tests to study the mixing relationship between freshwater and seawater. In the present paper, the tracers (δD, δ ~ (18) O, Cl ~ -, Br ~ -) and the reaction tracers (Na ~ +, Mg ~ (2 + -_3, Ca ~ (2 +), NO ~ -3). In the δD-δ ~ (18) O diagram, all river samples are located below the global atmospheric water line, reflecting the evaporation of upstream reservoir water while the seawater sample is located on the mixing line of standard seawater and river water samples. The δ 18 O-Cl ~ - relation in the river water samples shows that the evaporation salts are dissolved to some extent. The ratio of Ca ~ (2 +), HCO ~ -_3, SO ~ (2 -) _4 and Cl ~ Reflects CO 2 gas, carbonate and sulfate dissolution. The ratio of Br ~ - / Cl ~ - in seawater samples is basically the same as that of seawater, and the relationship with other major ions and Cl ~ - shows that seawater samples originated from the mixture of standard seawater and river water. Therefore, when water and seawater are mixed, the solvents of the two water bodies are mechanically mixed. The chemical composition and Cl ~ - ratio dominated by sea water in solute are close to the seawater ratios, including Na ~ +, Mg ~ (2 +), SO ~ ( The ratios of Br ~ - and Cl ~ - in the freshwater were higher than that of seawater in the freshwater. The ratios of Br ~ - and Cl ~ - were higher than that of seawater, mainly including HCO ~ -_3, Ca ~ (2 + -_3 and Cl ~ - ratio. This mixing mechanism is also suitable for groundwater.