河南地处中原,境内西高东低,北、西、南有太行山、伏牛山、桐柏山和大别山,中、东部有辽阔的黄淮海冲积大平原。河南处于北亚热带向暖温带的气候过渡带,具有四季分明、雨热同期、降水时空分布不均等特点。独特的地理位置和气候条件,形成了古之四渎,今之四大流域。先人们在兴水利、除水害的过程中,孕育了灿烂的治水文明。1河南辉煌的流域文化河南地处中原,古代水系分属长江、淮河、黄河、济水四渎,遍布湖泊陂泽。古人把有独立源头,并能入海的河流称为“渎”。先秦时期的济水,分黄河南、黄河北两部分。后几经变迁,唐宋 Henan is located in the Central Plains, the territory of West High East low, north, west and south of Taihang Mountains, Funiu Mountain, Tongbai Mountain and Dabie Mountains, the eastern part of the vast Huanghuaihai alluvial plains. Henan is in the transition zone of north subtropical zone to warm temperate zone, with the characteristics of four seasons, rain and heat over the same period, and uneven distribution of precipitation in time and space. Unique geographical location and climatic conditions, the formation of the ancient four ditch, today the four basins. The first people in the water, in addition to water hazards in the process, gave birth to a splendid flood control civilization. 1 Henan brilliant watershed culture Henan is located in the Central Plains, the ancient water belongs to the Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Yellow River, Ji Shui, all over the lake Wei. The ancients referred to the river as an independent source and into the sea. Pre-Qin period of Jinan, Fenhei Henan, Huanghebei two parts. After several changes, the Tang and Song dynasties