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本文建立了人体—座椅接触面的温度模型,利用实测温度数据验证了模型的精度。从接触面温度特性模型中提取出了三个评价指标:接触面最终温度,接触面温度的最大变化率以及接触面的平均温度,据此建立了座椅舒适度客观评价体系。利用评价体系对三种材料座椅(泡沫、压模和木质座椅)进行评估,结果表明:泡沫座椅的舒适度得分为8.96±2.58,压模座椅的舒适度得分为6.15±1.96,木质座椅的舒适度得分为4.91±1.88。主观测评法得到的座椅舒适度得分为:泡沫座椅的舒适度得分为8.36±1.21,压模座椅的舒适度得分为7.27±1.42,木质座椅的舒适度得分为5.36±3.14。结论,利用人体—座椅接触面温度特性来衡量座椅舒适度的客观评价体系具有一定的实用性和可靠性。
In this paper, the human-seat contact surface temperature model was established, and the accuracy of the model was verified by the measured temperature data. Three evaluation indexes were extracted from the contact temperature characteristics model: the final temperature of the contact surface, the maximum change rate of the contact surface temperature and the average temperature of the contact surface. The objective evaluation system of the seat comfort was established. Evaluation of the three material seats (foam, stamper and wooden seat) using the evaluation system showed that the comfort score of the foam seat was 8.96 ± 2.58 and that of the stamped seat was 6.15 ± 1.96, The wooden seat comfort score was 4.91 ± 1.88. Subjective assessment of the seat comfort score obtained: the foam seat comfort score was 8.36 ± 1.21, the comfort of the molded seat score was 7.27 ± 1.42, wooden seat comfort score was 5.36 ± 3.14. In conclusion, the objective evaluation system that uses the temperature characteristics of the human-seat contact surface to measure seat comfort has some practicality and reliability.