肺炎是老年人常见的死亡原因。抗生素长期用药不适合作为预防老年人肺炎的措施;并且随着老年人细菌耐药性的不断提高,抗生素治疗老年人肺炎的作用将更加有限。因此从这种疾病的发病机制着手,来制定预防肺炎的新措施是很有必要的。本文从神经系统的角度讨论老年人肺炎发生的原因,并提出一些可能的预防措施来降低老年人肺炎发病率。 Pneumonia is a common cause of death in the elderly. Long-term use of antibiotics is not suitable as a preventive measure for pneumonia in the elderly; and as the bacterial resistance of the elderly continues to increase, the role of antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia in the elderly will be more limited. Therefore, starting from the pathogenesis of this disease to develop new measures to prevent pneumonia is necessary. This article discusses the causes of pneumonia in the elderly from the perspective of the nervous system and puts forward some possible preventive measures to reduce the incidence of pneumonia in the elderly.