多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是关乎女性一生的疾病,在其病因学、诊断标准和最佳治疗方案上尚有许多争论和悬而未决的问题。遗传和环境因素共同导致了PCOS的发生,但至今仍未发现与PCOS确切相关的特异基因。而环境因素通过何种介导机制影响PCOS的发生,依然不明确。表观遗传学将环境因素和遗传因素很好地联系起来,PCOS的发生也许与表观遗传学的异常机制有关。 Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a life-related disease in women and there are many controversial and unanswered questions about its etiology, diagnostic criteria and best treatment options. Genetic and environmental factors lead to the occurrence of PCOS, but so far still no specific gene associated with PCOS. It is still not clear which environmental factors influence the occurrence of PCOS by what kind of mediation mechanism. Epigenetics is a good link between environmental and genetic factors. The occurrence of PCOS may be related to the abnormal mechanism of epigenetics.